A Liver Function Test (LFT) is a blood test that measures the levels of various enzymes, proteins and substances in your blood to evaluate the health and function of your liver. The liver plays a vital role in many bodily functions including detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of bile. Abnormalities in liver function can indicate liver disease, damage or other medical conditions.

Key Components of a Liver Function Test:

1. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT): An enzyme found primarily in the liver. Elevated ALT levels may indicate liver damage or inflammation, often due to conditions like hepatitis or fatty liver disease.
2. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST): An enzyme found in the liver, heart and muscles. High AST levels may suggest liver damage, but elevated levels can also be associated with heart or muscle conditions.
3. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP): This enzyme is found in the liver, bones and bile ducts. Elevated ALP levels can indicate bile duct obstruction, liver disease or bone disorders.
4. Bilirubin: A waste product produced when red blood cells are broken down. Bilirubin is processed by the liver. Elevated bilirubin levels can lead to jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) and may suggest liver dysfunction or gallbladder disease.
5. Albumin: A protein produced by the liver that helps maintain blood volume and pressure. Low albumin levels may suggest liver disease or malnutrition.
6. Globulin: globulin is one of the key proteins measured as part of the total protein test. The liver plays a central role in producing proteins including globulins, which are essential for various bodily functions like immune defence, transport of nutrients and blood clotting.
7. Total Protein: This measures the total amount of protein in your blood, including albumin and other proteins produced by the liver. Low levels may indicate liver disease or other conditions that affect protein production.
8. Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT): This enzyme helps evaluate liver function and detect bile duct problems. High GGT levels can indicate liver damage, bile duct obstruction or alcohol abuse.

Why It’s Important:

The Liver Function Test is important for detecting:

• Liver Diseases, Bile Duct Obstructions, Alcohol or Drug-induced Liver Damage and Monitoring Chronic Conditions.

A Liver Function Test (LFT) is an essential tool for assessing liver health, especially for individuals with risk factors such as a history of alcohol use, viral hepatitis, obesity or family history of liver disease. If you are experiencing symptoms like jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain or unexplained weight loss, LFT can provide valuable insights into your liver’s health. Early detection of liver issues is key to managing and preventing complications.